Eric Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development Essay...

According to Eric Erikson, there are eight different social stages a person must go through as they mature. Each stage has a positive characteristic and a negative characteristic. If positive characteristics are fulfilled then their future will look good. So to what extent can the lack of reinforcement to the positive characteristics of Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development effect you? The effects can be quite horrifying. Especially if all of the stages the only characteristics fulfilled are the negative aspects. Erikson’s first stage was trust verses mistrust and it occurred from zero to 18 months of age. The point of this stage is to establish trust. Erikson believed this was the most important period in a person’s life. Since†¦show more content†¦If one was to achieve autonomy then they would have a feeling of confidence, but if those that don’t achieve autonomy doubt their own abilities and have a sense of inadequacy (Cherry, 2011). The effects of autonomy can also come back and haunt a person an adult, even if they achieved it as a child. One of the most common scenarios would be when someone works for a company and their boss does not allow them to take pride in their work or make decision by themselves (Inglish). This lack in autonomy that is forced upon them is one of the most common reasons why a person leaves their job (Inglish). Initiative versus guilt is the third stage of psychosocial development. It’s around three to six years of age when this role must be established. The goal is to establish purpose and its achieved through exploration and play (Cherry, 2011). Children begin to affirm their power over the world through interaction between people and play (Cherry, 2011). They assert control over their environment and they try to take control of their lives by planning activities, doing different assignments and taking on different challenges (Cherry, 2011). Imagination plays an important role because it encourages the freedom to do what they want and take the initiative of their lives (Cherry, 2011). When the child is not given the chance to play or explore, or is stoppedShow MoreRelatedChild Observation Paper1083 Words   |  5 Pagesfor this Child Observation paper, the author of this paper has taken copious notes during the session. The purpose of this paper is recognizing the biological, cognitive and psychosocial development of the child. The author of this paper identified the background history of the child, the observation made and the development process of the child. BACKGROUND The child chosen for this child observation paper is a nine month old male, who appears to a healthy normal child. His mother is CaucasianRead MoreDevelopmental Theories of the Movie Precious Essays758 Words   |  4 PagesDevelopmental Theories in The Notebook Brianna Gallegos University of New Mexico N224 Developmental Theories in The Notebook The Notebook demonstrates the growth and development theories including biosocial, psychosocial, and cognitive. The Notebook is a movie about a young couple who falls in love. The woman, Allie, is from a wealthy family who is discouraged when she has fallen in love with a young man, Noah, who only makes .40 cents an hour (Cassavetes, 2004). The story is told throughRead MoreDoes an Infant’s Temperament Shape His/Her Cognitive and Socio-Emotional Development?1333 Words   |  6 Pagescognitive, socio-emotional development. I will discuss various theories of human development, identify the social and emotional domains development and how they affect temperament. I will discuss the eight stages of socialization according to Eric Erikson, and the cultural perspectives of temperament. A person’s temperament, biology, environment, and even attachment to others can affect how social the individual is. Temperament is an important aspect of emotional development. Temperament is theRead More8 Stages of Psychosocial Dilemmas1757 Words   |  8 PagesIn Dr. Eric Erikson’s 8 Stages of Psychosocial Dilemmas he stated that conflict between personal impulse and the social world. Erikson also believed that a sense of competence also motivates behaviors and actions. Each stage in Erikson’s theory is concerned with becoming competent in an area of life. If the stage is handled well, the person will feel a sense of mastery. Being able to master the dilemma during each stages of Erikson’s psychosocial development creates a sense of success and well developmentRead MoreAdult / Teacher Interaction : A Male And His Date Of Birth915 Words   |  4 Pagesabout a child’s behavior, they are guiding participation by providing a frame of how to beha ve and how not to behave (Steinberg, Bornstein, Vandell, Rook, 207). 8) Physical Development: †¢ Eric is a male and his date of birth is on 3/12/2011, at the time of the child observation he was four years old and six months. Eric demonstrated small muscle skills by being peaceful and playing with bricks and sticks, which he used his hands and fingers to build a fort. He showed large muscle skills afterRead MoreErikson s Theory Of Social Involvement Across The Entire Lifespan Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pagesfar as development, the process of growing and maturing has been previously linked only with childhood. 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The nine stages include: trust vs. mistrust,Read MorePyschological Development and Learning Positivity871 Words   |  4 Pageswhen needed and have the ability to recognize that she needs help. C.B. states that she feels like she has a long time prior to having someone help take care of her, and she hopes it will continue to be that way. Eric Erikson’s last stage of development is ego integrity vs. despair. Erikson’s theory is â€Å"Integrity [that] is built on morality and ethics (Varcarolis, Carson Shoemaker, 2006).† C.B. looks at her life as it is still in progress, and that she isnt at the end of her lifetime. ThroughoutRead MoreMy Life Journey : Erikson s Theory2228 Words   |  9 PagesNguyen Psyc 2314 8/8/2016 My Life Journey: Erikson’s Theory For my life journey I have chose to use Eric Erikson’s theory I have decided to use his theory because to me his theory suited my life appropriately. Eric Erikson is a well known theorist from the twentieth century, he has produced many theories. One of his most known and recognized theory is the psychosocial development. This theory describes the steps a person goes through in life. There are nine stages in his theory. Originally his theoryRead MoreBiological Narrative1617 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Eric Erickson is best known for his studies with psychosocial development, or the development of a person within a social context. Eric Erickson’s theories focused primarily on the correlation of the release of sexual tension and psychosexual development. The purpose of this paper is for the author to develop a personal portrait integrating Erickson’s developmental theory, Kohlberg’s moral development, and gender and cultural influences. The author will discuss his development from birth

Analysis Of The Movie The Flood - 2574 Words

The Flood There was a ear-piercing screech as the Boeing 747’s wheels connected with the runway. They had arrived. Abby and her mom, Carol, were in Thailand, the land of the elephants, on the trip of her life. Abby and her mom had scavenged and saved every last penny to fly halfway across the world. They hugged as Abby squealed in delight, they would be here for one month to discover the world outside of America. She had escaped from school for a week! She still couldn’t believe that her teacher, Mrs Hildebrand, had allowed her to miss all schoolwork in exchange for an essay about her adventures! Snapping back into reality, Abby realised that they hadn’t moved from the runway. Where was the terminal? She looked around in curiosity when†¦show more content†¦She rolled her suitcases down the aisle and huffed and puffed her way down the stairs. Abby boarded the bus closely followed by her mom, who had a reassuring hand on the small of her back. The bus took off at re cord speed toward the magnificent t-shaped building with roofs made out of stunning white canvas domes. They pulled up to their terminal and deboarded the bus. Continuing on through a tunnel marked for Arrivals. Abby couldn’t help but gape at the beautiful statues and carvings surrounding her in this foreign airport. They walked through customs and retrieved the rest of their luggage from a conveyor belt. Once they had possession of their luggage, they located a man that held a sign with â€Å"Carol and Abby Fonelle† written on it with black lettering. â€Å"That’s us,† said Carol to the man holding the sign. â€Å"Maa gap chan† said the man. Carol, Abby’s mom, retrieved her Thai-English dictionary and said, â€Å"He says, good, come with me.† The ladies followed the man obediently out into a white van with foreign lettering. They climbed in the van and the man drove out of the airport. The air was hot and humid and Abby couldn’t believe she was already sweating. She stared out the window dazed at the sights. There were giant billboards with huge pictures and Thai advertisements. The road was full of thousands and thousands of motorbikes. There were more motorbike than cars! The crazy part was, there were up to 6 people on one motorbike andShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of How Of Read Literature Like A Professor By Thomas C. Foster1089 Words   |  5 PagesEhren Lewis Mrs. Mary Smith Ap literature 20 September 2017 Analysis of Symbolism in†How to Read Literature Like a Professor† â€Å"How to read Literature like a Professor† by Thomas C. Foster is a very helpful book that goes over multiple literary strategies on how to read literature like a professor or someone with his literary skill. . With all of these literary strategies, symbolism is one that recurs frequently the throughout the entire book. 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Self-Control Theory free essay sample

Self-control Theory of Crime Evaluation Self-control Theory of Crime Evaluation Marilyn A. Vazquez CJA/540 Criminological Theories University of Phoenix Angela Williams October 24, 2011 Abstract Crime consists of behavior patterns, the environment, and the economy of the world. Researchers tend to use theories to answers questions concerning these behaviors. For example such questions involve why people commit crimes, what type of people commit crimes, and a host of other questions. The topic of this paper consists of two types of theories. The topics discussed and compared involve the conflict theory and the social control theory. In addition, the comparison will display the theory that does a better job of addressing the occurrence of crime in contemporary American society. Included is an evaluation of the effects of positive and negative reinforcement on crime in both theoretical frames and information to support the research. Self-control Theory The conflict theory Two or more persons who disagree relate to conflict. For example, one individual of a team wish to lead the team because of prior leadership. The other candidate also wishes to lead the team because of favoritism. This is one prime example of conflict. Another involvement of conflict consists of a clash between an individual work schedule and the hours the employer expects from the employee. Last, conflict deals with struggle. For example, two criminals committing a crime one is more violent than the other. Both have strong intentions to commit the crime, however, only one want to commit murder. The other criminal struggles to proceed as scheduled because murdering goes against the plan. Conflict is a word that causes most people a degree of discomfort, anger, frustration, sadness, and pain (Team Building Inc, 2010). Karl Marx conflict theory involves struggle as well. The struggle consists of two major groups. These groups involve the higher level of persons such as the rich or elite or people who own businesses. In contrast the other group involves the lower class people such as the less fortunate or mediocre who are the workers. Apparently the two groups constantly inhabit the conflict theory. Out of the two groups one possess more power and wealth than the other. The upper class has access to certain items whereas the lower class does not. The working class individuals who have no power sell his or her hard work to the upper class to produce products. The powerful have an advantage to keep the working class enslaved. The lower have to rely on the upper for income (Factoidz, 2011). The criminal justice system and criminal law are thought to be operating on behalf of rich and powerful with resulting policies aimed at controlling the poor. Focus is on separating the powerful from the less powerful. In the process the legal rights of poor folks who may be ignored (Greek, 2005). For example the less powerful receive severe punishment for a small crime whereas the powerful receive leniency for high white collar crime. The social control theory Social control entails rules of behavior that must be followed by the members of a society. Some of the rules of conduct fall into the realm of good manners as the culture defines them (O’Neil, 2006). People make up a society and expect its members to maintain conformity to remain controlled. Enforcing control involves laws, police, force, or pressure by the members. The people expect to stay in peace and harmony together. Implemented rules placed within the group for members to obey. Social control directs the entire group in a structured manner. In addition, social control operates for the entire group. Implementing control involves negative or positive reinforcement. Social control means, control of individual behavior by society, and that control of social institutions should be in the interest and welfare of the whole society. Some warnings and directions of prohibited activities are an example of social control (Answers Com, 2011). Comparing both theories Conflict theory entails groups or individuals who have differences. Every society contains various classes such as ethnic, gender, and a host of other differences. These types of classes led to conflict because the difference in race, beliefs, and more. Some type of control method must be put into place if any society wishes to survive conflict. Both conflict and control integrate with each other. Social control theory entails methods to remove differences. Social control uses negatives and positives of punishment and reinforcement to enforce rules. Both social conflict and social control use means such as law enforcement. Conflict resolution involves a range of essential skills and techniques, which are of value in organizing and building social movements and parties. Social control resolution means regulation of the application of a particular set of laws or rules (Encyclopedia of Marxism, 2008). Positive and negative effects in conflict theory According to the examples and experiences of others the word conflict deems negativity. However, conflict also entails both negative and positive outcomes as well. On the negative side conflict can be disruptive, however, on the positive side it can also serve as a source of creativity and a constructive action (McGrath, 2009). [Today conflict theorists find social conflict between any groups in which the potential for inequality exists: racial, gender, religious, political, economic, and so on. Conflict theorists note that unequal groups usually have conflicting values and agendas, causing them to compete against one another. This constant competition between groups forms the basis for the ever-changing nature of society. Critics of the conflict perspective point to its overly negative view of society. The theory ultimately attributes humanitarian efforts, altruism, democracy, civil rights, and other positive aspects of society to capitalistic designs to control the masses, not to inherent interests in preserving society and social order. While these latter perspectives focus on the positive aspects of society that contribute to its stability, the conflict perspective focuses on the negative, conflicted, and ever-changing nature of society (Cliffs Notes, 2011). ] Positive and negative effects in social control theory

Pfizer Organization Financial Strategies

Opportunities for Improvement Pfizer organization has a high level of liquid assets. With its diverse healthcare services such as primary healthcare, special oncology and care, animal healthcare, and nutrition products among others, it is clear that the company’s amount of health services is likely to continue increasing.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Pfizer Organization Financial Strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The increasing demand of animal medical products and many unexploited business products are major business opportunities for the company. However, the evident problem is that the company has very little fixed assets. This is reflected by the fact that Alcon comprises 24.5% of the company’s liquid assets. Amount of debts At the amount of both long-term and short-term debts, Pfizer’s debt level leads in its risk factors. Its major expansion strategies are based on long-te rm debts. The company uses both debt instruments and equity debts to address its financial needs and enhance the efficiency of its operations. The existence of many financial instruments presents a major opportunity for the company’s quick expansion. However, it is a challenge to some of the shareholders since some of them prefer to have quick returns on their investments. Pfizer has got an unfavorable credit rating. Product-lines bringing in cash The sale of its products is a good way of generating cash revenues. As an opportunity for improvement, the company should pursue markets in underdeveloped states across the Globe. Unfortunately, repatriating revenue from its foreign investments has increasingly become a major problem to the top level managers. The company can still get more income avenues by innovating new medical and health products. The acquisition of King presents a new revenue generating opportunity (Mennen, 2010). Extent and specifics of borrowings As the world ’s leading research institution, the company borrowing ability is focused on generating revenue for its research operations (Ferell Hartline, 2010). This approach presents a lot of financial constraints to the company’s demand for finances to address its financial demands that relate to expansion of its operations and infrastructure development.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company does not have a huge borrowing capacity as it would otherwise be assumed.  Pricing of products or services Fund transfer is a pricing mechanism employed by the Pfizer organization. The point that the company often increases prices of old drugs due to the fact that the patent protection for such drugs is lost over time could make some clients shy away. Although aimed at compelling customers to switch to new and better products and services developed by Pfizer, there is a ri sk for pricing mechanisms to portray the company products and services as very costly in the healthcare market. Identified Solutions Pfizer has got a high level of liquid assets that presents a major challenge to the future strategic investment mechanisms for the company. To address this problem, the company should endeavor to have many fixed assets that would help generate income and thus encourage sustainable growth due to state income. While debts could be unavoidable in business, Pfizer organization should focus on minimizing its short-term debts and instead utilize long-term debts such as government and corporate bonds that have a long maturity period with fairly low interest rates. Bowing should be restricted to acquiring finances aimed at expanding company operations, improving the state of infrastructure and enhancing the level of manufacturing and cost effectiveness in Pfizer’s business operations (Ahati, 2008). On challenges facing its products that bring some cash in, the company should streamline its operations and ensure that matters related to foreign operations and Global Health strategies stocking of large multinational health corporations are focused on maximizing its revenue streams. The solution to the possible challenges facing its pricing strategy is to focus on enhancing the level of efficiency and cost effectiveness. The company could also opt to sell its products to managed-care organizations at a lower or affordable cost thus minimizing its market prices hence enhancing its competitiveness.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Pfizer Organization Financial Strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Ahati, T. (2008). Marketing Analysis: Merck Co., Inc. Pfizer Inc. Web. Ferell, O. C., Hartline, M. (2010). Marketing Strategy,5th Ed. Connecticut, USA: South-Western CENGAGE Learning. Mennen, M. (2010). Innovation Growth – A case study of Pfizer Essay. Die Deutsctsche, Auflage: GRIN Verlag. This report on Pfizer Organization Financial Strategies was written and submitted by user Barbara Abbott to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.